The following is an excerpt from Intensity Distribution and Isoseismal Maps for the Northridge, California, Earthquake of January 17,1994. This scale, composed of increasing levels of intensity that range from imperceptible shaking to catastrophic destruction, is designated by Roman numerals. No data point selected. As long as all students in the lab group attach a Roman numeral value to each location, the specific order or sequence isn't important. The scale was expanded to accommodate 12 degrees of intensity by Adolfo Cancani in 1902. The Mercalli Scale goes from I to XII. The scale was designed to determine the extent of damage in the aftermath of an earthquake. U.S. Geological Survey [Open File Report] [ZZZ-03] [160 pp] Slight variations in peak ground motions and spectral values may depend on processing. Mercalli scale can have several intensities. Result. Mercalli Scale. Procedure (35 minutes) The italicized phrases are spoken suggestions for the instructor and those in parenthesis … Dewey, James, B. Glen Reagor, L. Dengler, K. Moley (1995). This map shows earthquake intensities, by county, based on the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale. So if one were to connect all elevations on a landscape with an elevation of 800 feet, an isoline would be used. This map shows the highest projected Modified Mercalli intensities by county from a potential magnitude - 7.6 earthquake whose epicenter could be any where along the length of the New Madrid seismic zone. During the last minute or so, I go over to the objective at the front of the room and ask 1-2 students for feedback on the lab, and to self-report if they mastered the objective (they usually respond by reporting their exit ticket scores). Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale of 1931: Seismological Society of America Bulletin, v. 21, no. Each color corresponds to a number on the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale (MMI) (link or sidebar), which was created to describe an earthquake’s severity in a given place. He was an Italian volcanologist that used only six categories. Develop a model to illustrate how Earth's internal and surface processes operate at different spatial and temporal scales to form continental and ocean-floor features. Corrections or changes in station and amplitude information are reflected by the authoritative seismic network. Mercalli Scale Lab Answer 2/24 Downloaded from www.nbblackoutsquad.it on February 11, 2021 by guest Disasters!-Tom Conklin 2000-02 Background information, activities, and projects to teach about earthquakes, hurricanes, volcanoes, and other forces of nature. "So yesterday, we learned about earthquakes. Image Dimensions: 1060 x 575. After the bell rings, students transition out of the room once they're dismissed. Details. Image of the Day for March 19, 2011. All Rights Reserved. Find mercalli scale stock images in HD and millions of other royalty-free stock photos, illustrations and vectors in the Shutterstock collection. The Modified Mercalli scale is given as originally abridged by Wood and Neumann (1931) ... the unabridged scale is reproduced in Stover and Coffman (1993). The earthquake's epicenter was near Anchorage, Alaska. The reason that an exit ticket is given here is that I really want them to see multiple choice variants of the skill they've been working with the past two days - recognizing Mercalli Intensity maps (and isolines) as well as other essential information on earthquakes. The scale lists criteria that permit the seismologist to represent the severity of ground shaking in a community or part of a community by a number. The Mercalli scale bases its measurement on the observed effects of the earthquake and describes its intensity. When students come in, they take their seats, and I usually start with a probing review question or two from yesterday (i.e. The Mercalli scale describes earthquake damage at Earth's surface. For example, the Tohoku earthquake (Japan Mar.11) was measured 9.0 in the Richter Scale, and only landed on IX in the Mercalli Scale. Four cities are labeled on the map. Then, once they receive the Earthquake Scenario Cards, they can re-start their lab where they left off. Develop a model based on evidence of Earth's interior to describe the cycling of matter by thermal convection. Stover, C. W., and Coffman, J. L. (1993). SDCs take into account the type of soil at the site, as poor soils can significantly increase earthquake shaking. I then model for them how to do something that they'll a see a few more times in the Earth Science curriculum - we create isolines of similar Mercalli Intensities. SWBAT define an earthquake, locate an earthquake's epicenter and analyze the intensity of an earthquake as a function of its seismic wave amplitude. This map shows the ground motion and shaking intensity from the March 11, 2011, earthquake at dozens of locations across Japan. Criteria based on such phenomena are downweighted now in assigning of USGS intensities (Stover and Coffman, 1993). Jan 30, 2013 - In this activity, students learn about the Mercalli Scale for rating earthquakes and make a booklet with drawings that represent each rating of the scale. In 1886 there was a large earthquake centered in Charleston, S.C. The effect of an earthquake on the Earth's surface is called the intensity. Mercalli Scale Map (One per person) [ Note: For embedded comments, checks for understanding (CFUs), and key additional information on transitions and key parts of the lesson not necessarily included in the below narrative, please go to the comments in the following document: 2.6 - Introduction To Earthquakes (Whole lesson w/comments) . The most widely used intensity scale, the Modified Mercalli Scale, is divided into 12 degrees, each identified by a Roman numeral. Until 172 km: Weak Felt by a few people, especially on high floors. The intensity of an earthquake is not entirely determined by its magnitude. The Mercalli intensity scale is a seismic scale used for measuring the intensity of an earthquake.It measures the effects of an earthquake, and is distinct from the moment magnitude usually reported for an earthquake (sometimes misreported as the Richter magnitude), which is a measure of the energy released. The intensity of an earthquake at a location is a number that characterizes the severity of ground shaking at that location by considering the effects ofthe shaking on people, on manmade structures, and on the landscape. Cascadia earthquake. section below (they are also posted here). Location Taken: US In terms of the actual Earthquake Scenario Cards, they absolutely do not have to be done in any specific order, as there is one scenario card per location on the Mercalli Scale Map. Until 56 km: Strong Small cracks are opened in the the walls and ceiling. Assigning of MM intensity values therefore involves use of the original criteria of Wood and Neumann (1931) with amendments and modifications that have been developed in the decades since 1931. The Richter Scale measures the energy released by an earthquake using a seismograph. The lower numbers of the intensity scale generally deal with the manner in which the earthquake is felt by people. Note the door vibration. Students are given about three (3) minutes to quietly work on the exit ticket, after which I usually do a "trade and grade" or have students grade their own work. Describe a precaution the city could take Intensities assigned by the U. S. Geological Survey and (prior to 1973) by agencies in the U. S. Department of Commerce have for many decades been based on the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale of 1931 (Wood and Neumann, 1931), which we usually refer to simply as the "Modified Mercalli" or "MM" scale. The cities Kodiak and Anchorage are shown on the map. The Modified Mercalli Intensity value assigned to a specific site after an earthquake has a more meaningful measure of severity to the nonscientist than the magnitude because intensity refers to the effects actually experienced at that place. Finally, there are special materials and preparation needed for this lesson, which are posted in the. The map indicates the modified Mercalli scale intensity values recorded at several locations in Japan during the March 11, 2011 earthquake, which triggered destructive tsunamis in the Pacific Ocean. ), Abridged from The Severity of an Earthquake, USGS General Interest Publication 1989-288-913. Construct an explanation based on evidence for how the availability of natural resources, occurrence of natural hazards, and changes in climate have influenced human activity. This map is intended to provide nontechnical users with an estimate of the geographic distribution of damage. below. Then, as always, I time their transitions from their normal classroom arrangements into the laboratory groups. Did you know there can be more than one intensity of an earthquake? H1 Modified Mercalli Scale handout H2 Wattsville Map handout H3a,b Script Cards (one to two sets per class) Resources R1a,b KWAT Television Script Key R2 Wattsville Map Key R2 Teacher Background Advance Preparation: 1. Although numerousintensity scales have been developed over the last several hundred years to evaluate the effects of earthquakes, the one currently used in the United States is the Modified Mercalli (MM) Intensity Scale. This map shows the highest projected Modified Mercalli intensities by county from a potential magnitude … of the Modified Mercalli Scale and the Wattsville Map Key to place on the overhead projector. The Mercalli Intensity Scale was developed by the Italian volcanologist Giuseppe Mercalli in 1884 and expanded to include 12 degrees of intensity in 1902 by Adolfo Cancani. Rather, they classify earthquakes by the effects they have (and the destruction they cause). As they get closer to the epicenter, the concentric circles get smaller as they hone in on the epicenter's location. While they're doing this, I'm generally circulating amongst the laboratory groups in question, making sure they're keeping up with time and that they're understanding the procedural steps of the assignment. The Mercalli intensity scale is a scale used for measuring the intensity of an earthquake.The scale quantifies the effects of an earthquake on the Earth's surface, humans, objects of nature, and man-made structures on a scale of I through XII, with I denoting a weak earthquake and XII one that causes almost complete destruction. Mercalli Scale. © 2020 BetterLesson. I model drawing isolines for the lower Mercalli intensities, and then instruct the class to do the same on each of their respective maps. This lesson is a continuation of yesterday's lesson (also attached above as an entire lesson - previous day's link here). The Mercalli scale describes earthquake damage at Earth's surface. How to say Mercalli scale in English? Pronunciation of Mercalli scale with 2 audio pronunciations, 4 synonyms, 1 meaning, 8 translations, 3 sentences and more for Mercalli scale. *Abbreviated descriptions from The Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) Scale. Once they have the Mercalli Scale intensity identified for each of the respective locations, I have them discuss the question - "Can you pinpoint the epicenter based on the Mercalli Intensities?" The original Mercalli scale The first intensity scale was created in 1883 by Giuseppe Mercalli. This lesson introduces students to the phenomenon of earthquakes as the creation of seismic waves caused by friction along plate boundaries and faults. On the other hand, the Richter scale measures the seismic waves, or the energy released, causing the earthquake and describes the quake's magnitude. Moreover, construction methods have changed appreciably since the scale was introduced. ShakeMap is a product of the USGS Earthquake Hazards Program in conjunction with the regional seismic networks. See more » Japan Meteorological Agency seismic intensity scale Then, students can find the Hospital on the Mercalli Scale Map, and use the Mercalli Scale to determine the relative damage that occurred at the hospital based on context clues (feel free to use the provided Earthquake Scenario Key to help out with this, or to use while you're circulating with students to check their work in real time). Since this is a continuation of yesterday's laboratory assignment, there is no established 'Do Now'. The intensities shown on this map are the highest likely under the most adverse geologic conditions that would be produced by a combination of the August 31, 1886, Charleston, S.C., earthquake and the January 1, 1913, Union County, S.C., earthquake. Zahedi_____ ISP203b: Natural Hazards Modified: Dr. Ryan G. Vannier, 2016 Student#: __A48692837_____ CREATING AN ISOSEISMAL MAP FROM FELT REPORTS Intensity is a measure of an earthquake’s effects upon people and property. Earthquake intensity is most commonly classified using the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale that assigns a roman numeral to an event. In the Bay Area, where regional hazards range from earthquake shaking and fault rupture to extreme heat and sea level rise, resilience planning is critical to our ability to withstand, sustain and rebuild, preserving the unique cultural and economic character of our communities. The map shows modified Mercalli intensity scale damage zones resulting from a large earthquake that occurred in 1964. Starting from the lowest intensity, you will make gradually smaller circles as you connect all the points with the same Mercalli intensity (Note: Isolines never cross). Isolines are used often in weather maps (something we definitely visit later on in the course), but they're introduced here as a way to connect points of an equal value on a map or chart. 26). Base your answers to questions 15 and 16 on the map and the modified Mercalli scale shown below. Seismicity of the United States, 1568-1989 (Revised): U. S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1527, 418 p. Wood, H. O., and Neumann, Frank (1931). Abbreviated description of the levels of Modified Mercalli intensity. It does not have a mathematical basis; instead it is an arbitrary ranking based on observed effects. I then ask students to put an 'X' somewhere in that small circle, as that is the most likely location of the earthquake's epicenter.
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